Managing cholesterol can be a daunting task for many people. But the truth is that there are several things you can do to help your body manage its cholesterol levels.
Triglycerides
Historically, triglycerides have been a subject of interest to medical practitioners and laypersons alike. The first line therapy for elevated serum triglycerides is typically therapeutic lifestyle changes. Although triglycerides have been shown to be associated with the lipid and apolipoprotein B, a more targeted approach to triglyceride management may be in order.
A more comprehensive review of the literature was performed in which triglycerides were scrutinized. It is clear that there are some notable exceptions to the rule. In the end, we conclude that triglycerides are not an independent risk factor in most patients and should not be considered a target for treatment. They are associated with other lipid risk factors and should be addressed as part of a broader, evidence-based approach to the prevention and management of coronary artery disease.
Low-density lipoproteins (LDL)
Managing your cholesterol should be a part of your regular health maintenance. By lowering your LDL, you will lower your risk of coronary revascularization and stroke. Having a healthy diet, limiting saturated fats and simple carbohydrates, and exercising regularly can help you stay heart healthy.
Low-density lipoproteins (LDL) are proteins that are used by the body to make cells, protect nerves, and carry cholesterol through the bloodstream. They can also contribute to atherosclerosis, a condition that narrows arteries and increases your risk of a heart attack. Medications can help to treat high levels of LDL.
In addition to being a lipid, LDL is composed of three subclasses. The first subclass, apoprotein-B100, is the most dangerous, while the second, apoprotein-B48, is less harmful.
Plant sterols
Phytosterols are plant derived compounds that act as a natural treatment for high cholesterol. They are known to reduce LDL cholesterol and total cholesterol. They also help prevent atherosclerosis.
Various randomized controlled studies have found that plant sterols lower serum cholesterol. This lowering effect is due to their ability to partly block the absorption of cholesterol. They can be found in many foods and are considered safe.
They can be taken as a supplement, or in combination with statins. They are thought to have little or no side effects for at least one year. However, if you are considering taking them, consult your doctor. Some doctors may suggest that sterols are better to take with a statin, because they work together to improve cholesterol management.
Omega-3 fatty acids
Several studies have shown that omega-3 fatty acids are beneficial for cardiovascular health. These compounds have anti-inflammatory properties and help to protect against stroke, irregular heart beat, and other cardiovascular problems. However, there is not yet enough evidence to determine whether or not supplemental omega-3 fatty acids are effective for cholesterol management.
The World Health Organization recommends that people consume a maximum of 5 to 10 percent of total calories from omega-3 fatty acids. They are important for a number of important functions, including maintaining brain cells, reducing inflammation, and helping to maintain blood pressure.
A recent meta-analysis of 14 prospective cohort studies found that supplemental long-chain omega-3 fatty acids were associated with a 9% lower risk of death from CHD. They also found a 35% lower risk of type 2 diabetes.
Niacin
Whether niacin for cholesterol management is effective depends on several factors. Generally, the dosage of niacin should be prescribed by your physician. Dosages are usually in the range of 2000 to 3000 mg per day.
Although niacin is effective in lowering total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels, the effects are more modest on high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels. Hence, it may not be as helpful as statins for reducing your risk of cardiovascular events.
Aside from the lipid-lowering properties, niacin is also useful in treating arthritis. It reduces symptoms of osteoarthritis, resulting in lower pain and inflammation. In addition, niacin has been shown to help reduce skin irritation and blistering.
Bempedoic acid
Several clinical trials have shown that Bempedoic acid has the ability to significantly reduce LDL-C levels. This drug inhibits ATP citrate-lyase, an enzyme upstream of the HMG-CoA reductase, in the cholesterol synthesis pathway. It has been shown to reduce high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) as well as decrease total cholesterol. It can be used as monotherapy or as an adjunct to statin therapy.
Bempedoic acid has been tested as monotherapy and in combination with ezetimibe. It is used to treat heart disease and is available only with a prescription from a doctor. It is generally taken once daily. It is safe to use, but it can have a few side effects.
